Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women in India and worldwide. Early detection plays a crucial role in improving survival rates and ensuring effective treatment. Among the most reliable tools for early detection is a mammogram, a specialized breast X-ray that can identify cancer long before symptoms appear.
Understanding Mammograms: What They Are and How They Work
A mammogram is a medical imaging test that uses low-dose X-rays to examine breast tissue. This screening helps detect abnormal growths, lumps, or changes in the breast, even before they are noticeable through physical examination. Mammograms can reveal tiny tumors and early warning signs like microcalcifications, which sometimes indicate breast cancer. Regular mammograms are especially vital for women with a family history of breast cancer or other risk factors.
Why Regular Mammograms Are Essential
1. Early Detection Saves Lives
Detecting breast cancer at an early stage significantly improves survival rates. Studies show that regular screening mammograms can reduce the risk of dying from breast cancer by over 60%. Early detection allows less aggressive treatment and increases the chances of long-term survival.
2. Detecting Cancer Before Symptoms Appear
Breast cancer often develops silently. By the time symptoms like lumps, nipple discharge, or pain appear, the disease may have progressed. Regular mammograms allow for timely intervention, which can prevent advanced-stage complications. Learn more about 10 early signs of breast cancer every woman should know.
3. More Treatment Options
Early-stage detection increases treatment choices, sometimes allowing minor surgeries or localized therapies instead of extensive procedures. In later stages, intensive treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation, or mastectomy may be required. Combining mammograms with imaging and radiation therapy in breast cancer ensures comprehensive care.
What to Expect During a Mammogram
- Preparation: Change into a gown and avoid deodorants or powders that could affect imaging.
- Positioning: A technician will position the breast on a flat plate for X-ray imaging.
- Imaging: Multiple angles are captured, taking roughly 20 minutes.
- Results: A radiologist reviews the images, and your doctor discusses the findings.
Overcoming Common Myths About Mammograms
- Mammograms are painful: Mild discomfort is possible, but the procedure is brief.
- No symptoms, no need for screening: Cancer often develops silently; early mammograms detect hidden abnormalities.
- Only for older women: Younger high-risk women may need early screening.
Dr. Kanuj Malik: Expert Surgical Oncologist
Dr. Kanuj Malik is a surgical oncologist with 14 years of experience, specializing in head and neck, breast, gynecological, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and musculoskeletal cancer surgeries. He completed his MBBS and MS in General Surgery from Maulana Azad Medical College & Lok Nayak Hospital, followed by an MCh in Surgical Oncology at the Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai. Dr. Malik is recognized for his expertise in minimally invasive procedures, advanced imaging, and robotic cancer surgery techniques. He is an active member of medical associations and has received multiple awards for research presentations. Learn more about robotic cancer surgery in India under his guidance.
Complementary Practices: Self-Exams and Lifestyle Changes
While mammograms are essential, breast self-examination (BSE) complements screening. Inspect your breasts regularly, check for unusual lumps, discharge, or skin changes, and report them promptly. Additionally, lifestyle changes can lower cancer risk, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol.
Final Thoughts: Make Screening a Priority
Regular mammograms are a non-negotiable part of breast health. By detecting cancer early, you increase survival rates and reduce the need for aggressive treatments. Women across India, whether in metros or smaller towns, can benefit from timely screenings and expert guidance. Scheduling routine mammograms, combined with self-exams and professional consultations, is the most effective way to protect your health.
